Flame retardants reduce the flammability of plastics or slow down combustion. They work through mechanisms like promoting char formation, releasing flame-inhibiting gases, or absorbing heat.
Used in electronics, construction, automotive, and aerospace, they are critical for safety compliance (e.g., UL94 ratings). While essential, some traditional halogenated systems raise environmental concerns, leading to increased use of halogen-free alternatives like phosphorus- based systems.